ἐπίνυσσεν Ξ

ἐπινύσσω

prick on the surface: imperf ind act 3rd sg (homeric ionic)

πινύσκω

make prudent: aor ind act 3rd sg (epic)

ἐπινύσσω

prick on the surface: imperf ind act 3rd sg (homeric ionic)

πινύσκω

make prudent: aor ind act 3rd sg (epic)

πῐνύσκω and [full] πῐνύσσω, [dialect] Ep. [tense] aor. ἐπίνυσσα: [tense] aor. [voice] Pass. ἐπινύσθην:—

A make prudent, admonish, correct,

ἤδη γάρ με καὶ ἄλλο τεὴ ἐπίνυσσεν ἐφετμή Il.14.249

;

ἀφραδέοντα πινυσσέμεν Naumach.

ap. Stob.4.23.7;

ἐκεῖνον.. πινύσκετ' εὐλόγοισι νουθετήμασι A.Pers. 830

;

κερδαλέῳ μύθῳ σε πινύσκει Call.Dian. 152

; ὁπόταν πινύσκῃ ζεὺς ἄματα makes the days calm, Simon.12; simply, teach,

ταλασήϊα ἔργα Orph.Fr. 178

:—[voice] Pass., ὑπὸ τᾶς ματρὸς πινυσθείς Pythag ap. Iamb. VP28.146. (Cf. πέπνυμαι.)

Grammatical information: adj.

Meaning: `intelligent, sensible, reaonable, prudent, rational' (Od.).

Other forms: Variant forms are πνυτός ἔμφρων, σώφρων H., often in Cypr. PN, e.g. Πνυτ-αγόρας (Masson Beitr. z. Namenforsch. 7, 238ff.).

Derivatives: - ύσσω (late epic) from * pinut-y-, aor. ind. ἐπίνυσσεν Ξ 249), ptc. pass. πινυσθείς (Pythag.) `to make deliberate, to warn to be clear-minded' with πινυ-τή f. `prudence, reason' (Η 289, υ 71 a. 228, Hp. Ep.), with - τότης f. (Eust.); besides - τάς, - τᾶτος f. (Dor., AP), after ταχυ-τής a. o. (Schwyzer 529 n. 1); πίνυσις σύνεσις, πινυμένην συνετήν H. Also ἀπινύσσω `to be thoughtless, rash' (Ο 10, ε 342 = ζ 258), = ἀπινυτέω (Apollon. Lex.), from *ἀ-πίνυτος; adv. ἀπινύτως H. s. ἀπινύσσων. Beside it pres. πινύσκω, - ομαι (Simon., A., Call., Orph.); this will be *πινυτ-σκ-.

Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]

Etymology: The relation between the relevant forms is not satisfactorily explained. If one may derive πινυ-τή as abstractformation from *πενυ-τή with transition of ε to ι (Schulze Q. 323 n. 3), πενυ- could be taken as a disyllabic ablaut grade of πνεϜ-, beside the monosyllabic πνῡ- (with long vowel) in πέ-πνῡ-μαι (Frisk Eranos 43, 215 ff.). Assuming a dissimilation πι- from πυ- or a basic form *πε-νε-υ-μι (Nehring ClassPhil. 42, 108 ff.) one connected since Fick 2, 152 Lat. pŭ-tāre, OCS py-tati `scrutari' (also with νήπιος, νηπύτιος). One connects πέπνυμαι with πνέω, s.v. w. further analysis. Details w. lit. in Frisk l.c.; older etymology, to be rejected, in Bq s. πινυτός. - However, a form penu- posited as a root variant, is improbable and not attested; also a root ending in two semivowels is not permitted; also the transition ε \> ι is not explained. So the form πινυτός cannot be explained from IE. Also the variation πινυτός\/ πνυτο- cannot be explained. But a variation ι\/zero is known from Pre-Greek: it indicated a palatalized consonant, so pn^yut-; the palatalisation could also be ignored, which gave πνυτο-; cf. Beekes, Evidence an Counterevidence, FS Kortlandt. So the words are Pre-Greek and have nothing to do with πνέω.